Nervous System Diseases

To impart knowledge about diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system, their diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, both in the medical and surgical aspects.

EXHIBITION CLASSES

MEDICINE DEPARTMENT PROGRAM
Unit 1. Dementias: epidemiology and classification. Mild Cognitive Impairment: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Unit 2. Alzheimer's disease and other primary degenerative dementias. Vascular dementia.
Unit 3. Headaches: Classification, diagnostic approach and alarm symptoms. Primary headaches: migraine, tension headache, and trigeminal-autonomic headaches
Unit 4. Secondary headaches. Craniofacial neuralgia.
Unit 5. Epilepsies: Epidemiology and genetics. Clinical manifestations.
Unit 6. Epilepsies: Diagnosis and treatment.
Unit 7. Disorders of the level of consciousness: General clinical approach. Sleep disorder
Unit 8. Vascular diseases of the brain: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, neurovascular syndromes and classification. Transient ischemic stroke. Atherothrombotic, lacunar, cardioembolic stroke and of rare etiology.
Unit 9. Vascular diseases of the brain: Diagnosis of ischemic stroke.
Unit 10. Vascular diseases of the brain: Treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Primary and secondary prevention of cerebral infarction.
Unit 11. Vascular diseases of the brain: Intracranial venous thrombosis. Cerebral hemorrhage: etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology, clinic, diagnosis and medical treatment.
Unit 12. Central nervous system infections: Etiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic approach. Acute bacterial meningitis.
Unit 13. Central nervous system infections: subacute and chronic bacterial meningitis. Tuberculous meningitis. Central nervous system syphilis. Lyme's desease.
Unit 14. Central nervous system infections: Viral diseases of the central nervous system: Classification. Acute viral meningitis. Acute and chronic encephalitis. Diseases of the Nervous System by prions.
Unit 15. Demyelinating diseases: Concept and classification. Multiple sclerosis: Epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
Unit 16. Immunological diseases of the nervous system.
Unit 17. Movement disorders: Classification and epidemiology. Essential tremor and other idiopathic tremors. Dystonias. Tics. Myoclonus.
Unit 18. Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonisms. Multi-system atrophy.
Unit 19. Spinal degenerative diseases: Motor neuron disease.
Unit 20. Spinocerebellar degenerative diseases: Freidreich's ataxia and other hereditary and non-hereditary ataxias.
Unit 21. Systemic diseases and the central nervous system.
Unit 22. Non-degenerative diseases of the spinal cord.
Unit 23. Peripheral nervous system diseases: Classification and epidemiology. Acute ischemic mononeuropathies and multiple mononeuropathies.
Unit 24. Inflammatory polyneuropathies and other polyneuropathies. Hereditary neuropathies. Plexopathies.
Unit 25. Muscular dystrophies and other myopathies in adults.
Unit 26. Myasthenia gravis and other diseases of the neuromuscular plate.

SURGERY DEPARTMENT PROGRAM
Unit 27. Concept and development of Neurosurgery. Complementary diagnostic methods
Unit 28. Intracranial hypertension syndrome. Brain edema
Unit 29. Hydrocephalus and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
Unit 30. Craniocerebral trauma I.
Unit 31. Craniocerebral trauma II.
Unit 32. Injuries in craniocerebral trauma
Unit 33. Vertebro-spinal trauma.
Unit 34. Intracranial tumors. Generalities. Supratentorial gliomas.
Unit 35. Intracranial meningiomas
Unit 36. Tumors of the pituitary gland, pineal gland and craniopharyngiomas.
Unit 37. Posterior fossa tumors
Unit 38. Tumors of the ventricles. Metastasis.
Unit 39. Cerebral vascular pathology. Aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVM).
Unit 40. Degenerative pathology of the spine.
Unit 41. Intervertebral disc pathology
Unit 42. Vertebro-spinal tumors.
Unit 43. Pathology of the peripheral nerve: traumatic and tumor lesions.
Unit 44. Infectious pathology in the central nervous system (CNS).
Unit 45. Cranioencephalic and vertebromedullary malformations.
Unit 46. Functional neurosurgery: Deep brain stimulation. High intensity ultrasound (HIFU). Radiosurgery. Epilepsy surgery.


INTERACTIVE CLASSES

MEDICINE DEPARTMENT PROGRAM
Seminar 1. The neurological clinical method.
Seminar 2. The patient with dementia (test and complementary tests used in the diagnosis).
Seminar 3. The patient with epilepsy (videos with seizures semiology).
Seminar 4.The patient with stroke (diagnosis, NIHSS scale and choice of treatment).
Seminar 5. The patient with movement disorders (videos)
Seminar 6. The patient with gait disorders (videos)


SURGERY DEPARTMENT PROGRAM
Seminar 7. Assessment of the level of consciousness.
Seminar 8. Cranial and vertebral neurosurgical approaches
Seminar 9. Neurosurgical technology
Seminar 10. Deep brain stimulation and HIFU

• Harrison Principios de Medicina Interna (20 edición). Jameson, Fauci, Kasper, Longo, Loscalzo (eds.) Mac-Graw Hill, New York.
• Farreras-Rozman Medicina Interna (18 edición). Rozman, Caerdellach eds., 2016.
• Neurología (6ª edición). Zarranz JJ (ed.), Elsevier, Madrid, 2018.
• Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology (10th edition). Rooper AH, Samuels MA, Klein JP, eds. Mac-Graw Hill, New York, 2011.
• Bradley´s Neurology in Clinical Practice (17th edition). Daroff R, Jankovic J, Mazziotta J, Pomeroy S, eds. Elsevier, London, 2015.
• Samuel´s Manual of Neurologic Therapeutics. 9th Ed. Samuels MA, Ropper AH eds. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2017.
• Netter Neurología esencial. Misulis K, Head TC eds. Elsevier Masson, 2014.
• Netter Neuroanatomía esencial. Rubin M & Safdien JE eds. Elsevier Masson, 2015.

Recognize, diagnose and guide the management of the main pathologies of the central and peripheral nervous system. Know how to perform and interpret the neurological examination, neuroimaging tests, lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram and electromyogram and know the indications of the main neurophysiological techniques, as well as the fundamentals and interpretation of ultrasonography. It is also necessary for the student to know the main surgical approaches.

METHODOLOGY AS A FUNCTION OF SCENARIOS IN RELATION TO CORONAVIRUS DISEASE

A) Lectures in large groups:
Lecture given by the teacher.The teacher will have the support of audiovisual and computer media. Usually these classes will follow the contents of the reference manual.In the event that these classes could not be taught in person because USC is in scenario 2 or 3 (Bases for or development of safe face-to-face teaching. Course 2021-2022), these classes will be taught all or in part by videoconference . In the case of scenario 2, a consensus will be sought with the students to ensure that all students have the opportunity to attend any of the classes in person, always maintaining sanitary precautions.

B) Small group seminars.
Theoretical / practical class in which applications of the theory, problems, exercises are proposed and solved ... Material of the same will be prepared so that it is as practical as possible despite the distance.
In the event that these seminars could not be carried out in person because USC is in scenarios 2 or 3 (Bases for or development of secure face-to-face teaching. Course 2021-2022), each of these classes will be taught from as follows:
1) At the time established for each group of seminars, students will connect by videoconference to a short 10-minute session in which the professor will present the seminar.
2) In a second time, the students will work connected individually or in small groups, raising doubts to the teachers to try to solve the questions raised.
3) In a third time, all students will connect to a single videoconference to present their work.
The teacher will be permanently connected and accessible to answer the questions or doubts of the students.

C) Individual or very small group tutorials.
Clarification of doubts about the explanatory and interactive classes. These classes will be held in person on stage 2 or by videoconference on stage 3.

The final exam will be preferably in the form of multiple choice questions but it is possible that teachers choose other options such as an exam with a short question or development of several clinical cases or oral exam or a combination of the different models of exam indicated. In any case, students will know well in advance the type of exam chosen.

For cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, the provisions of the "normativa de avaliación do rendemento académico dos estudantes e da revisión de cualificacions."

It is estimated that the student must dedicate 2 hours of study and individual work for each topic, and 1 hour for each seminar.

Attendance at theoretical classes and seminars is essential. Students must contrast their notes with the recommended general bibliography or with the bibliography that each teacher can provide from time to time.

METHODOLOGY AS A FUNCTION OF SCENARIOS IN RELATION TO CORONAVIRUS DISEASE

A) Lectures in large groups: Lecture given by the teacher.
The teacher will have the support of audiovisual and computer media. Usually these classes will follow the contents of the reference manual.
In the event that these classes could not be taught in person because USC is in scenario 2 or 3 (Bases for or development of safe face-to-face teaching. Course 2021-2022), these classes will be taught all or in part by videoconference . In the case of scenario 2, a consensus will be sought with the students to ensure that all students have the opportunity to attend any of the classes in person, always maintaining sanitary precautions.

B) Small group seminars.
Theoretical / practical class in which applications of the theory, problems, exercises are proposed and solved ... Material of the same will be prepared so that it is as practical as possible despite the distance.
In the event that these seminars could not be carried out in person because USC is in scenarios 2 or 3 (Bases for or development of secure face-to-face teaching. Course 2021-2022), each of these classes will be taught from as follows:
1) At the time established for each group of seminars, students will connect by videoconference to a short 10-minute session in which the professor will present the seminar.
2) In a second time, the students will work connected individually or in small groups, raising doubts to the teachers to try to solve the questions raised.
3) In a third time, all students will connect to a single videoconference to present their work.
The teacher will be permanently connected and accessible to answer the questions or doubts of the students.

C) Individual or very small group tutorials.
Clarification of doubts about the explanatory and interactive classes. These classes will be held in person on stage 2 or by videoconference on stage 3.