ECTS credits ECTS credits: 4.5
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Hours of tutorials: 2 Expository Class: 21 Interactive Classroom: 23 Total: 46
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Areas: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Center Faculty of Pharmacy
Call: Second Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable
The general objective of this subject is to offer a vision those task of a professional especialist in a clinical laboratory (Clinical Analysis and Clinical Biochemistry), so the training acquired in Biological Analysis and Biochemical Diagnostics is complemented with training in the activities and routines in clinical analys:
The training axes are aimed at:
1) Knowledge of the operational tasks of a clinical laboratory, with special attention to the description of the analysis phases, the development of reference values, the evaluation of new methods and the quality control of the analyses. as well as new molecular diagnostic tests applied to the clinic.
2) Training in content related to the most specialized clinical semiology: analysis of biomarkers in other biological fluids; vision of evaluation strategies for hormonal functions, or serum tumor markers; and monitoring of medications in clinical laboratories.
Expository Classes
It is a 23 hours long course where the following topics will be developed:
Thematic group I: Inside the Clinical Laboratory
Topic 1. Phases of analytical determinations
Topic 2. The preanalytical phase.
Topic 3. Automation in the analytical process
Topic 4. Analysis quality assurance
Topic 5. Production of reference values
Topic 6. Molecular methods of diagnosis in Clinical Analyses
Thematic group II: Clinical Biochemistry-semiology
Topic 7. The clinical utility of biological fluids
Topic 8. Pre-analytical considerations in the study of endocrine syndromes
Topic 9. Evaluation of pituitary function
Topic 10. The evaluation of thyroid function
Topic 11. Assessment of adrenal function
Topic 12. Evaluation of gonadal function
Topic 13. Tumor markers in the clinical-biochemical laboratory
Topic 14. Therapeutic drug monitoring.
Interactive Class Program:
With a teaching load of 6 hours taught in 55-minute sessions, in the even weeks of the entire semester:
CI-1: Statistical calculations. Quality Control (1h).
CI-2: Calculations of Reference Limits (1h)
CI-3: Design of a DNA probe for molecular diagnose (2h).
CI-4: Clinical Picture: Interpretation of Results in a CSF (1h)
CI-5: Clinical Scenario: Results of Specialized Clinical Biochemistry (1h)
The Practical Classes:
They will be done in the Faculty of Pharmacy, laboratory of Biochemistry. The classes will be preferably taught in February and March, on dates agreed with the students, in the morning or afternoon shift:
Practice 1. Quality Control assessment.
Practice 2. "In vitro" interference by drug: wrong results.
Practice 3. a A1AT-gene fragment is detected from genomic DNA.
Practice 4. Optional: Visit to the CHUS Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory.
Basic:
a) Principles of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology. Álvaro González Hernández. 3rd edition. Elsevier. Barcelona-2019. ISBN 978-84-9113-389-6
Book with a high degree of agreement with the approach to the topics and contents. Suitable as a textbook for the study of the subject.
b) Contemporary Practice of Clinical Chemistry. 4th edition. William Clarke and Mark A. Marzinke. Elsevier-Academic Press, 2020. ISBN978-0-12-815499-1.
Advanced text that updates and delves into the latest trends in laboratory medicine.
c) Clinical Laboratory: Indications and Interpretation of results. Kathleen Pagana, Timothy Pagana. First edition in Spanish. Translated by Martha Elena Buschbeck for Editorial El Manual Moderno S.A. Mexico-2015. ISBN 978-607-448-508-0
Text translated from the English version that reviews pathophysiological and molecular aspects of the processes that affect bones.
organs and systems of the human body.
d) Online labtest. (https://labtestsonline.es/acerca-de-esta-web)
Website of the Spanish Society of Clinical Chemistry (SEQC) and free consultation. This is a Spanish translation made by the SEQC of the namesake originating from the American Association of Clinical Chemistry (AACC). Contains continuously updated information on laboratory tests in different physiological and pathological scenarios. Useful from a guides perspective.
Quick reference clinic for clinical laboratory diagnostic tests as basic information.
complementary
a) Medical Biochemistry. John W. Baynes and Marek H. Dominiczak. 5th Edition. Elsevier. -Barcelona-2019. ISBN 978-84-9113-406-0
Useful review of knowledge of general biochemistry applied to medicine. It has examples of some illness explained.
b) Best & Taylor: Physiological bases of medical practice. MA Dvorkin, DP Cardinali and RH Iermoli. 14th edition. Ed. Pan-American Medicine-Buenos Aires -2010. ISBN: 978-950-06-0253-2
Suitable for reviewing knowledge of Physiology and Pathophysiology. In many topics it provides a justification of the interest of the tests used in each clinicopathological condition that it addresses.
c) Clinical diagnosis and management of Henry by laboratory methods. 23rd edition. Richard A. McPherson and Matthew R. Pincus. Elsevier-Saunders, 2017. ISBN 978-0-323-29568-0.
Specialized text aimed at knowledge of analytical methodology and diagnostic interpretation from the laboratory point of view.
d) Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. Rifai N, Horvath A, Wittwer C. 8th edition. Elsevier-2019. ISBN: 978-0-323-53044-6.
Considered a reference in Clinical Analysis and Laboratory Diagnostics. It deals with analytical procedures and breaks down diagnostic tests by organs and tissues in different pathophysiological situations.
c) Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. Richard A. McPherson & Matthew R. Pincus. Elsevier-Saunders, 2017. ISBN 978-0-323-29568-0
Knowledge:
Con 01. Know the origin, nature and how to design, obtain, analyze, control and produce active ingredients, drugs and medications, as well as other products and raw materials of health interest for human or veterinary use.
Con 02. Know the therapeutic and toxic effects of substances with pharmacological activity.Con 06. Acquire basic knowledge in clinical management, health economics and efficient use of health resources to promote the rational use of medicines and health products.
Con 06. Acquire basic knowledge in clinical management, health economics and efficient use of health resources to promote the rational use of medicines and health products.
Con 07. Know, evaluate and assess problems related to drugs and medications, as well as participate in pharmacovigilance activities.
Con 08. Know the activities of clinical and social pharmacy, following the pharmaceutical care cycle.
Con 10. Know one's own limitations and the need to maintain and update professional competence, giving special importance to self-learning of new knowledge based on available scientific evidence.
Con-17. Know how to design experiments based on statistical criteria.
Con-18. Know how to evaluate scientific data related to medicines and health products. Use statistical analysis applied to pharmaceutical sciences.
Con 19. Know the structures of biomolecules and the transformations in the cell.
con- 21. Know the properties of cell membranes and the distribution of drugs.
Con 32. Know and understand the basic fundamentals of clinical analyzes and the characteristics and content of diagnostic laboratory reports.
Con 33. Know the effects of substances with pharmacological activity.
Con 37. Know the structure and function of the human body, as well as the general mechanisms of the disease, the molecular, structural and functional alterations, the syndromic expression and the therapeutic tools to restore health.
Con 39. Know the analytical techniques related to laboratory diagnosis, toxins, food and the environment.
Con 44. Know the ethical and deontological principles and act in accordance with the legislative, regulatory and administrative provisions that regulate professional practice, collaborating with other health professionals and acquiring teamwork skills.
Con 48. Know the oral and written communication techniques that allow users of pharmaceutical establishments to be informed in intelligible terms appropriate to different cultural levels and social environments.
Skills or abilities:
S/Ab 01. Intervene in health promotion activities, disease prevention, at the individual, family and community level; with a comprehensive and multiprofessional vision of the health-disease process.
S/Ab 02. Design, apply and evaluate clinical analysis reagents, methods and techniques, knowing the basic foundations of clinical analyzes and the characteristics and contents of laboratory diagnostic reports.
S/Ab 03. Evaluate the toxicological effects of substances and design and apply the corresponding tests and analyses.
S/Ab 05. Develop communication and information skills, both oral and written, for dealing with patients and users of the center where the professional activity is carried out.
S/Ab- 07. Select the appropriate techniques and procedures in the design, application and evaluation of reagents, methods and analytical techniques.
S/Ab- 08. Perform standard laboratory processes including the use of scientific analysis and synthesis equipment, including appropriate instrumentation.S/Ab 09. Estimate the risks associated with the use of chemical substances and laboratory processes.
S/Ab- 09. Estimate the risks associated with the use of chemical substances and laboratory processes.
S/Ab- 10. Apply knowledge of Physics and Mathematics to pharmaceutical sciences.
S/Ab 14. Estimate the biological risks associated with the use of substances and processes of the laboratory involved.
S/Ab 18. Promote the rational use of medicines and health products.
S/Ab- 21. Organize and manage the operation of a pharmacy office.
Competencies:
highlight:
Comp 01. Capacity for analysis and synthesis.
Comp 07. Problem solving.
Comp 08. Decision making.
Comp 13. Ability to communicate with experts from other areas.
Comp 16. Ethical commitment.
Comp 17. Ability to apply knowledge in practice.
Comp 19. Ability to learn.
Comp 20. Ability to adapt to new situations.
Comp 24. Ability to work independently.
Comp 27. Concern for quality.
Comp 28. Achievement motivation.
The methodology uses four training elements:
A) Expository classes. They are sessions lasting 55 minutes and adjusted to the calendar and schedules approved by the Center. Designed to be taught by the teacher in the classroom, and with the support of presentations, diagrams or videos.
The students participate by following the explanations, raising any doubts that arise and responding individually, and in a limited time, to the questions that arise in relation to what is being explained. To answer, access to your own class notes is allowed, but you cannot share any type of information from, or with, your classmates, since these questions are part of the continuous evaluation.
B) Interactive classes. They are face-to-face sessions and last 55 minutes. duration, with calendar and distribution organized by the Academic Center.
In them, the teacher presents a context of pharmaceutical care by asking a question about the analysis results in which he must put into practice the knowledge and strategies developed in the theoretical classes. There will also be questions for continuous evaluation under conditions similar to the previous point.
C) Practical laboratory classes: Designed as a face-to-face activity in the facilities of the clinical practice laboratories used by the Department of Biochemistry of the Faculty of Pharmacy. They have a variable duration, one week, according to the calendar and distribution prepared by the Center.
In them, the teacher introduces the practice within the framework of the syllabus. He directs the group's progress through the stages of the analytical process, calculations and interpretations. Continuous evaluation questions may also be asked about theoretical knowledge applicable to practice.
Students will have a brief guide to the analytical processes, which they can complete and take with them when they attend the practical evaluation round at the end of the practical shift.
D) Whiteboard tutorials. Conceived as sessions in very small groups to clarify doubts about the theoretical-practical contents, they will not be scored, and in any case they are face-to-face in the classroom and scheduled in the teaching calendar by the Center Management.
For the grading of the subject, three blocks of information about the students' learning status will be taken into consideration:
a) Continuous Evaluation (CE): up to a maximum of 20 points. It is based on the accumulated score in the answers given to the questions asked with this denomination in the classroom. It is only used in the 1st OPPORTUNITY of the course.
b) Practical exam (PE): Carried out individually by each student before the teacher at the end of the practice shift. You will have to recognize biological materials, reproduce processes and calculations, and interpret the results of the analyzes developed in practical classes. The estimated duration of the test is 10 to 15 minutes and you can use the accompanying procedure guide. The attitude, quality of execution, depth and clarity of interpretation, order and cleanliness will be taken into account. At the end of the test, the grade achieved will be communicated, whether it is PASS (valid for the next 5 years) or NOT PASS; in which case a new evaluation test will be taken in the next Opportunity that decides to appear.
c) Theory and Knowledge Exam (TE): Exam on the theoretical content (including practices) of the subject. It consists of 45 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions, to be solved in 100 minutes to reach a maximum score of 50 points. None of the questions will have a negative value due to error or lack of response, but a minimum of 25% correct answers are required per topic, or group of topics, which is specified in each Opportunity exam.
At all times, and for the different types of evaluation tests, the provisions of the Institution's Regulations for the “Evaluation of the Academic Performance of Students and Review of Grades” will be followed, which establishes that the fraudulent performance of activities or evaluation tests are sanctioned with a grade of Fail (0.0) in the OPPORTUNITY; without ruling out the application of any other disciplinary measure.
The final grade of the subject takes into account the type of students and the Evaluation Opportunity as described:
At the 1ST CHANCE:
Pass status in the subject is achieved with a score of 37 or more points on the TE, and if the following is also met:
1) achieve the minimum score established by topics or groups of topics.
2) have a PASS in the PE test.
The final grade is obtained from the Score = TE+ CE points and their corresponding transformation to a decimal grade with the algorithm: [Grade= (0.150*Score-0.518]. The maximum MH grade may be awarded, according to those available for the subject, among the final grades higher than Outstanding (9.5).
In the case of obtaining TE= 36 points or less, or the minimum score in the topics was not reached, or the PE was classified as No PASS, the grade of Fail will be granted and up to a maximum grade value of 4.0 after the transformation decimal.
There are special types of evaluation in this 1st Opportunity:
1) Student with Teaching Exemption (when accepted by the Center). It is qualified on TE and PE according to what is described for the 2nd Opportunity (see below), given the impossibility of having CE.
2) Repeat student. You will be able to choose the evaluation system to which you submit between the "general procedure" and the "Student with Teaching Exemption". It must be recorded in a timely manner through the Virtual Campus. If no election is made, the "general procedure" described above applies.
On the 2nd CHANCE:
The procedure to follow is similar to that described for the 1st Opportunity with three differences:
1) The continuous evaluation (CE) is not used, which will be replaced by a requalification of the TE, consisting of obtaining 1 extra point for each correct answer to each of the 10 most difficult questions of the exam, and is only applied when the exam is passed, that means the TE equals to or greater than 37 points. So re-score= TE+ dificult questions.
2) The Final Grade results from transformation based on an algorithm adjusted to the new maximum (re-score) of the Opportunity (60 points) and in any case similar to that of the 1st OP.
3) In the 2nd OPPORTUNITY the maximum qualification of Honor Roll (MH) is not granted.
Regarding the special types of evaluation, this Opportunity is considered the case of students who in the 1st OP qualified with a Sunpenso (4.0) as a result of a “Not PASS” in EP, having achieved an overall score of 53 or more points ( ET+EC). In this case, the repetition of the ET of the 2nd OP is exempt, and you must only perform the EP test. If you pass the PASS, you will be graded with the decimal grade that would have corresponded in the 1st OP.
Test type_____________ Result type_______Result code___________________________
Continuous Evaluation...... Knowledge.............. Con-07; Con-08; Con-10; Con-37; With 39; Con-44; Con-48
....................................... Skill/Ability................S/Ab-01; S/Ab-05; S/Ab-18; S/Ab-21
....................................... Competence........... Comp-01; Comp-07; Comp-08; Comp-13; Comp-19; Comp-20; Comp-27; comp-28
Theory Exam.................... Knowledge............. Con-01; Con-02; Con-06; Con-07; Con-08; Con-10; Con-19; Con-32; Con-33; Con-37;
.................................................. ............ .......Con-39; Con-44; Con-48
........................................ Skill/Ability..............S/Ab-01; S/Ab--02; S/Ab-03; S/Ab-05; S/Ab-07; S/Ab-09; S/Ab-10; S/Ab-14; S/Ab-18; S/Ab-20
...................................... Competence........... Comp-01; Comp-07; Comp-08; Comp-13; Comp-16; Comp-17 Comp-19; Comp-20; .
.................................................. ................... Comp-27; Comp-28
Practice exam................... Knowledge............. Con-06; Con-08; Con-32; Con-37; Con-39; Con-48
........................................ Skill/Ability...............S/Ab-01; S/Ab-02; S/Ab-03; S/Ab-09; S/Ab-10 S/Ab-14; S/Ab-20
....................................... Competence........... Comp-01; Comp-08; Comp-16; Comp-17; Comp-24; Comp-27; Comp-28
PRESENTIAL WORK, ................................ HOURS
Expository classes in large groups, ..............23
Interactive classes in small groups …………….… 6
Tutorials in very small groups …………………….....2
Laboratory practices …………………………………….12
Examinations and revisions …………………………...2
Total hours of work ……………………………………….45
PERSONAL STUDENT WORK, ............................. HOURS
Individual or group independent study, ……..............46
Resolution of exercises, other works, ……………........10.5
Resolution of exercises, practices with a computer, ..8
Orientation and resolution of doubts, ……………...........1
Conducting and reviewing the exam, ………………….......2
Total hours of personal work of the student, ………….67.5
Successful performance in this subject requires an understanding of the "why", "where" and "how" of each biochemical test, so that it is easier to remember when to use it and what information it can provide.
If you do not pass this subject at the first opportunity, it is advisable to go to the exam review, because it will help you to identify the points with less mastery and that, therefore, need to be worked on, thinking in the second opportunity.
It is also advisable to visit the virtual complement of this sunject in the Virtual Campus to access much of the information presented in the lectures. Any possible updates to the class schedule will be communicated through the Virtual Campus
To study this subject, it is desirable to have taken the core subject Biological Analysis and Biochemical Diagnosis, since they share the same design and are complementary in their objectives and competencies.
In addition, it is recommended to have sufficient knowledge of Analytical Chemistry, Instrumental Techniques, along with Biochemistry, Immunology, Human Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biostatistics.
Manuel Felix Camiña Darriba
Coordinador/a- Department
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Area
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Phone
- 881814933
- felix.camina [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
| Thursday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Galician | 5035 Classroom 6 Faculty of Law |
| Friday | |||
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /CLIS_01 | Galician | 5035 Classroom 6 Faculty of Law |