ECTS credits ECTS credits: 6
ECTS Hours Rules/Memories Student's work ECTS: 99 Hours of tutorials: 3 Expository Class: 24 Interactive Classroom: 24 Total: 150
Use languages Spanish, Galician
Type: Ordinary Degree Subject RD 1393/2007 - 822/2021
Departments: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Areas: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Center Faculty of Veterinary Science
Call: First Semester
Teaching: With teaching
Enrolment: Enrollable | 1st year (Yes)
With this subjet we intend that students:
- Know the structure, and the function they perform, the different molecules that make up a living organism
- Knowing the energy and material transformations that carried out in cells, as well as the regulation.
- To acquire basic knowledge about the transmission of genetic information.
- Know and use the laboratory techniques used in the field of life sciences.
- Know and use correctly the therminology in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
THEORETICAL PROGRAM
The theoretical content is grouped into seven teaching units. In each unit, divided into several topics, we study the most closely related contents.
In the unit 1 discusses the structural characteristics and properties of different types of biomolecules consisting of a living organism, with particular emphasis on the function they perform. Each type of biomolecule is discussed in separate topics, but as they are studying, we analyze the structural characteristics of the associations that exist between them. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the chemistry of living matter, emphasizing the properties of the bonding types and the properties of water.
The units 2 and 6 are dedicated to the study of the metabolism, and the unit 7 to study the expression and transmission of genetic information
TEACHING UNIT 1: STRUCTURAL BIOCHEMISTRY (13 Hours)
Unit 1.- Introduction.
Biochemistry meaning. Organization of living matter. Bioelements and biomolecules. Inter and intramolecular bonds. Water properties.
Unit 2.- Proteins¡¦s Structure and Properties
Structure, classification and properties of aminoacids. The peptide bond. Biological interesting peptides. Proteins¡¦s classification and functions. Three-dimensional structure of proteins.
Unit 3.- Carbohydrates: Structure and Properties
Monosaccharides and derivatives. The glycosidic bond. Biological interesting disaccharides. Polysaccharides. Glycoproteins.
Unit 4.- Lipids: Structure and Properties
Fatty acids. Eicosanoids. Triacylglycerols and waxes. Phospholipids and Glycolipids. Isoprenoid lipids. Lipoproteins. Cell membranes.
Unit 5.- Nucleic acids: structure and properties
Bases, nucleosides and nucleotides. DNA structure. RNA structure.
TEACHING UNIT 2: OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM (5 Hours)
Unit 6.- Basic Concepts
Metabolic pathways. Bioenergetics. Catabolism and anabolism. The role of ATP in metabolism.
Unit 7.- Enzymes
Basic concepts and properties of enzymes. Classification and nomenclature. Mechanisms of enzyme action. Enzyme kinetics. Cofactors: metal ions and coenzymes.
Unit 8.- Metabolism regulation
Control of enzyme activity. Allosteric control. Control by covalent modification. Control of enzyme concentration. Hormones and signal transduction. Cellular compartmentation. Transport across cell membranes.
TEACHING UNIT 3: COMMON PATHWAYS OF AEROBIC METABOLISM (3 Hours)
Unit 9.- The Citric Acid Cycle
Overview of the Citric Acid Cycle. Reactions and enzymes. Regulation. Anaplerotic reactions: pyruvate carboxylase.
Unit 10.- Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
Overview. Electron transport: components and mode of action. ATP synthase: structure and function. Energy coupling. Uncoupling: Thermogenin. Reactive oxygen species. Electron transport inhibitors.
TEACHING UNIT 4: CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM (5 Hours)
Unit 11.- Glycolysis
Fermentation and respiration. Glycolysis: location and reactions. Fermentation: the anaerobic fate of pyruvate. Aerobic catabolism of pyruvate. Cytosolic NAD+ regeneration. Energy balance. The Pasteur effect. Metabolism of hexoses other tan glucose.
Unit 12.- Gluconeogenesis
Biological significance. Precursors, location and reactions. Energy balance. Coordinated regulation glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.
Unit 13.- Glycogen Metabolism
Glycogen: stockpile glucose in animals. Biological significance. Breakdown and synthesis of glycogen: reactions and regulation.
Unit 14.- The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Biological significance, function and location. Reactions and regulation.
TEACHING UNIT 5. LIPID METABOLISM (5 Hours)
Unit 15.- Degradation of Lipids
Breakdown of triglycerides in fat tissue. Fatty acid degradation: activation and transport. beta-oxidation: reactions and energy balance. Ketone bodies.
Unit 16.- Synthesis of Lipids I
Fatty acid biosynthesis: biological significance, precursors, location and reactions. Energy balance. Elongation and desaturation of fatty acids. Regulation of fatty acids metabolism.
Unit 17.- Synthesis of Lipids II
Biosynthesis of Triglycerides, Phosphoglycerides and Sphingolipids. Cholesterol biosynthesis.
TEACHING UNIT 6.- AMINO ACID METABOLISM (5 Hours)
Unit 18.- Degradation of Proteins and Amino Acids
The proteasome. Catabolism of amino acids: transamination and oxidative deamination. Removal of the amino group: Urea cycle. Other systems amino group removal. Destinations of the carbon skeleton.
Unit 19.- Amino Acid Biosynthesis
Essential and nonessential amino acids. Origin of the carbon skeleton. Nitrogen cycle and incorporation of amino group.
Unit 20.- Amino acids are precursors of other biomolecules
Neurotransmitters, hormones, porphyrins and energetic molecules. Ratio of the amino acids with nucleotide metabolism.
TEACHING UNIT 7.- NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM (4 Hours)
Unit 21.- DNA Replication
The cell cycle. Proteins required for replication. Stages: initiation, elongation and termination. DNA repair.
Unit 22.- RNA Transcription
El concepto de gen. Proteins required for transcription. Stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Posttranscriptional processing.
Unit 23.- Translation
The genetic code. Ribosomes and molecules required for translation. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Stages: initiation, elongation and termination. Posttranslational processing.
Unit 24.- Regulation of Gene Expression
PROGRAM OF LABORATORY PRACTICES
Practice I and II (2 sessions, 8 hours)
1) Preparing a tissue homogenate and obtaining the crude extract to be used along practices.
2) Preparation of the reagents required for performing the determination of protein concentration by the method of Lowry.
3) Determining the protein concentration by the Lowry method in the biological extrac previously obtained, in cow milk and the other biological samples.
Practice III and IV (2 sessions, 8 hours)
1) Determination of acid phosphatase activity in liver extract.
2) Quantification of this activity.
3) Determination of kinetic parameters Km and Vmax.
4) Study of the inhibitory effect of phosphate on this enzyme.
5) Study of the effect of temperature and pH on the activity.
Practice V (1 session, 4 hours)
1) Separation of different types of lipids by thin layer chromatography.
Recommended Textbooks
BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY
Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., Stryer, L. “Bioquímica” Ed. Reverté. Septima edición. 2012.
Berg, J.M.; Stryer, L., Tymoczko, J.L., Gatto, G. "Biochemistry" Ed. WH Freeman. Novena edición. 2019
Campbell, P.N., Smith, A.D., Peters, T.J. “Bioquímica Ilustrada. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular en la era posgenómica”. Ed. Elsevier-Masson. Quinta edición. 2011.
Harvey, R., Ferrier, D. “Bioquímica. Lippincott`s Illustrated Reviews". Ed. Wolters Kluwer. 6th Edition. 2014.
Herrera, E., Ramos, M.P., Viana, M. "Bioquímica básica". Ed. Elsevier, 2014.
Koolman, J., Röhm, K.H. “Bioquímica Humana. Texto y atlas”. Ed. Panamericana. Cuarta Edición. 2012.
Luque, J., Herraez, A. “Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética”. Ed. Harcourt. Segunda Edición.2005
Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M. “Principios de Bioquímica-Lehninger” Ed. Omega. Sexta edición. 2015.
Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M. “Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry” Ed. WH Freeman. Séptima edición. 2017.
Tymoczko, J.L., Berg, J.M., Stryer, L. "Bioquímica. Curso básico". Ed. Reverté. Segunda edición, 2014.
Voet, D.J., Voet, J.G., Pratt, C.W.. "Fundamentos de Bioquímica: la vida a nivel molecular". Ed. Panamericana. Cuarta edición, 2016.
COMPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY
Baynes, J.W., Dominiczak, M.H. “Bioquímica médica”. Ed. Elsevier. Quinta edición, 2019.
Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W., Bruss, M.L.. “Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals” Sexta edición. Ed. Elsevier, 2008.
Loeb, W.F., Quimby, F.W.. “The clinical chemistry of laboratory animals”. Ed. Taylor & Francis. Segunda edición, 1999.
Recommended Websites
http://bcs.whfreeman.com/biochem5/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi
http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/home.html
General Competencies:
GVUSC01. Ability to learn and adapt
GVUSC02. Capability for analysis and synthesis
GVUSC04. Planning and work management
GVUSC05. Capability to put knowledge into practice
Specific competencies:
Disciplinary:
CEDVUSC 04: Physical, chemical and molecular bases of the major processes that take place in the animal organism.
CEDVUSC 16: To know the basic analytical techniques and its interpretation.
Professional:
D1VUSC 03: Perform standard laboratory tests, and interpret clinical, biological and chemical results.
Academic:
CEAVUSC 08: Being aware of the need to keep professional skills and knowledge up-to-date through a process of lifelong learning.
Transversal competencies:
CTVUSC 01: Capacity for reasoning and argument.
CTVUSC 02: Ability to obtain adequate, diverse and updated information by various means such as literature and Internet information, and critically analyze it.
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The theoretical aspects of the subject will developed in lectures 40 sessions of 50 minutes duration.
In support of these sessions, each student must attend 5 seminar sessions.
Laboratory practices are carried out in five sessions of four hours each. It is compulsory to attend all practices. Absences must be substantiated and recover as soon as possible.
As theoretical support for teaching students should develop a metabolic map that will be evaluated in view of the final grade.
Through the virtual USC will be made available to students the practical manual and support material for the follow-up lectures.
In the Library Intercentros of the Campus of Lugo are available to students textbooks and manuals recommended to follows the subject.
Assessment of the theoretical knowledge (up to 70% of the final score)
Assessment of the practical knowledge (up to 20% of the final score)
Assessment of diagram of the metabolic pathways (up to 10% of the final score)
IMPORTANT: you must reach a minimum of 4.5 points out of 10 in the theoretical part to proceed to calculate the average final.
WORK IN THE CLASSROOM
-Lectures: 40 h
-Seminar: 5 h
-Lab practices: 20 h
-Tutorials: 1 h
Sum: 66 h
PERSONAL WORK
-Individual study: 60 h
-Practice report: 6 h
-Preparation of papers: 4,5 h
-Literature review: 4 h
-Resolution of cases/issues: 6 h
-Exams: 3,5 h
Sum: 84 h
TOTLA HOURS: 150 h
We recommend continued study simultaneously monitored with expository teaching.
We recommend the use of personal tutorials for any doubt about subject.
Continuos use of virtual USC.
For theoretical teaching students will be divided, in alphabetical order, in two groups, A and B
The teachers responsible for delivering this teaching are:
Group A:
Prof. Juan Ignacio Ramos Martínez
Personalized Tutoring: Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday from 11:00 to 13:00 am in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pavilion II, Faculty of Veterinary.
Group B:
Prof. Izaskun Ibarguren Arizeta
Personalized Tutoring: Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday from 11:00 to 13:00 am in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pavilion II, Faculty of Veterinary.
Jose Antonio Villamarin Cid
- Department
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Area
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- antonio.villamarin [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Maria De Izaskun Ibarguren Ariceta
Coordinador/a- Department
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Area
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Phone
- 982822209
- mdeizaskun.ibarguren [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
Ramiro Barcia Vieitez
- Department
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Area
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- ramiro.barcia [at] usc.es
- Category
- Professor: University Lecturer
| Tuesday | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS15 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS01 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS04 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS07 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS10 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS13 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS16 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS02 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS05 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS08 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS11 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS14 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS03 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS06 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS09 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 13:00-14:00 | Grupo /TI-ECTS12 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| Wednesday | |||
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_02 | Spanish | Classroom 4 |
| Thursday | |||
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_02 | Spanish | Classroom 4 |
| Friday | |||
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Spanish | Classroom 3 |
| 11:00-12:00 | Grupo /CLE_02 | Spanish | Classroom 4 |
| 12.16.2024 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 12.16.2024 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |
| 12.16.2024 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 3 |
| 07.10.2025 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 1 |
| 07.10.2025 09:00-11:00 | Grupo /CLE_01 | Classroom 2 |