Hydraulics

The student of the degree in Forestry and Natural Environment Engineering must reach a sufficient level in the knowledge of hydraulics. This knowledge allows them to study the design and calculation of the different installations intended for the collection, storage, and distribution of water in load-bearing pipelines.

The contents of the subject specified in the degree report are:

- Calculation of hydraulic thrust
- Geometric and mechanical characteristics of pipes
- Pressure losses
- Calculation of simple and complex piping systems
- Pumping installations
- Variable flow in pressurized pipelines

These contents will be developed according to the following agenda:

Agenda
1. Introduction. Properties of fluids (1 h) (DNP: 1 h)
2. Fundamental equations of hydrostatics. Thrusts on submerged surfaces (2 h) (DNP: 4 h)
3. Fluid kinematics (1 h) (DNP: 2 h)
4. Fluid dynamics. General equation of head losses. Piping: Characteristics (2 h) (DNP: 3 h)
5. Continuous and singular head losses (2 h) (DNP: 2 h)
6. Piping with discrete and continuous distribution (1 h) (DNP: 2 h)
7. Calculation of simple and complex systems of installations (3 h) (DNP: 2 h)
8. Variable flow in pressurized piping (1 h) (DNP: 2 h)
9. Hydraulic pumps (3 h) (DNP: 3 h)
10. Hydraulic pump associations (1 h) (DNP: 2 h)
11. Cavitation in pumps. NPSH (1 h) (DNP: 2 h)

These contents will be developed according to the indicated time schedule (which will be adapted according to the teaching requirements).

Practical contents
Practice 1. Piping. Piping association (HP=2h) (HNP=2h)
Determination of the discharge equation of emitters (HP= 1h) (HNP=1.5h)
Determination and calculation of the driving curve of different centrifugal pumps (HNP=1h) (HNP=1.5h)
Determination of operating points with associations of pumps in series and parallel (HP=2h) (HNP=2.5h)
Note: HP classroom hours and HNP or DNP non classroom hours.

Basic bibliography
• Arviza, J., Balbastre, I. Altozano P. 2002. Ingeniería Rural: Hidráulica. Ed. U. Politécnica de Valencia.
• Çengel, Y. A.; Cimbala, J. M. (2017) Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications Editorial MacGraw Hill. ISBN 10: 1259696537 ISBN 13: 9781259696534. https://imtk.ui.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Fluid-Mechanics-Cengel…
• Giles, R.; Evett, J.; Liu, L., 1994: “Mecánica de los fluidos e Hidráulica”. Editorial MacGraw Hill.
• Mataix, C. 1996: "Mecánica de fluidos y turbomáquinas hidráulicas". Ediciones del castillo.
• Puertas agudo, J.; Pena Mosquera, L. et al. 2016. “apuntes de Ingeniería Hidrúalica”Fundación Ingeniería Civil de Galicia.
• Sánchez-Juny, M.; Bladé, E.; Puertas, J. 2007: "Hidráulica". Universidade da Coruña.

Supplementary bibliography:
• Agüera, J., 1996: “Mecánica de fluidos incompresibles y turbomáquinas hidráulicas. Problemas resueltos”. Editorial Ciencia 3.
• Agüera, J., 1996: “Mecánica de fluidos incompresibles y turbomáquinas hidráulicas". Editorial Ciencia 3.
• Bansal, R.K. (2010) A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines de Bansal, R. K. Lasmi publications. India - ISBN 10: 8131808157 - ISBN 13: 9788131808153 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1L61cWCpnmb2KTjOAYktCxKTTvBOW7uWO/view
• Bonillo, J.J.; Puertas, J. 2001. Problemas de Hidráulica. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña.
• Franzini, J.B. y Finnemore, E.J. 1999 “Mecánica de los fluidos con aplicaciones en la ingeniería”. Ed. Mac Graw-Hill
• Lázaro López Andrés. 1997 “Manual de hidráulica” Servicio de publicaciones de la Universidad de Alicante.
• White, F.M. 208. “Mecánica de los fluidos”. Ed. Mac Graw-Hill.

As basic and general competencies:
CB1 - That students demonstrate possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that starts from the base of general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, while relying on advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the forefront of their field of study.
CG9 - Knowledge of hydraulics, construction, electrification, forest roads, machinery, and mechanization necessary for both the management of forest systems and their conservation.
CG13 - Ability to design, direct, elaborate, implement, and interpret projects and plans, as well as to write technical reports, reconnaissance reports, valuations, appraisals and appraisals.
CG14 - Ability to understand, interpret and adopt scientific advances in forestry, to develop and transfer technology and to work in a multilingual and multidisciplinary environment.

Transversal competences:
CT1 - Capacity for analysis and synthesis.
CT2 - Capacity for reasoning and argumentation.
CT6 - Ability to prepare and present an organized and comprehensible text.
CT12 - Ability to solve problems through the integrated application of their knowledge.

As specific competences:
CECF7 - Forest Hydraulics.

The teaching of the subject will be distributed as follows:
Participative lectures. Seminars and conferences. Lectures in which the theoretical concepts necessary for the understanding of the subject will be developed: 18 hours. Competences: CB1, CG9, CG13, CG14, CT1, CECF7.
Learning based on the resolution of practical cases and projects. Seminar activities (small groups). These classes are aimed at solving practical problems and expanding theoretical concepts: 12 hours. Competences involved: CB1, CG13, CT12, CECF7.
Laboratory or field practices. Computer classroom practices. The practices (reduced groups) will be developed in the laboratory and in the computer classrooms: 6 hours. Competences: CT1, CT2, CT6, CT12 and CECF7.
Tutorials in small groups (very reduced groups) each of the groups has the hours destined to the clarification of the doubts that can exist in the different topics treated in the subject. Competences: CT1, CT2, CECF7
Likewise, the students have the possibility of attending individual tutorials whenever they consider it appropriate and in the timetable that the teacher has assigned for the link. Attendance to lectures, seminars, practices and tutorials in small groups will be mandatory.

There will be a written test, with practical and theoretical contents, at the end of the course and on the official dates. The part of the written test will represent 70% of the final grade, being necessary a minimum of 3.5 points out of 10 to pass. The subject must be taken 100% every academic year.
Parts approved in any previous course will not be retained.
Different practical exercises focused on the design and calculation of water transport and storage systems that contemplate different starting and destination conditions will be proposed for their resolution and delivery by the students. The completion of the practical exercises and delivery of the corresponding individual report will account for 30% of the final grade.
Both the proposed exercises, the performance of practices and the delivery of the memory of the same, will serve for the evaluation, which will be complemented with the performance of the written test.
No different criteria are established for the extraordinary recovery tests, as well as for repeating students (RESOLUTION of June 15, 2011, which publishes the Regulations for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and the review of qualifications, approved by the Governing Council of June 15, 2011 - DOG 21 July 2011).
Students who have dispensation of attendance to any of the scheduled teaching activities because of work or family reconciliation, will have to abide by the provisions of the Instruction 1/2017 of the General Secretariat. In those cases, to pass this subject, attendance to the practical activities and partial tests that are indicated in the schedule or that are set in class is mandatory. Their celebration will be communicated and will be agreed, if necessary, a schedule for the realization of the same that those affected. The delivery of the proposed practical exercises will also be required.
The fraudulent performance of any exercise or test required in the evaluation of the subject will imply the grade of failure (grade of 0 in that call) in the corresponding call, regardless of the disciplinary process that may be followed against the offending student. It will be considered as fraudulent, among others, the realization of plagiarized work or work obtained from sources accessible to the public without reworking and reinterpretation, and without citation to the authors of the sources. For these cases, the “Regulations for the evaluation of the academic performance of students and review of qualifications” will be applicable.
The evaluation of the competences is carried out as follows: Written test: CB1, CG9, CECF7, Exercises and partial test: CB1, CG9, CECF7 Practical: CG9, CG13, CG14, CECF7.
The transversal competences will be worked during the course, although they will not be evaluated.
All the transversal competences will be worked during the course although they will not be specifically evaluated.

Classroom activities
Lectures: 18 hours
Practical classes (seminars, laboratories and computer classrooms): 18 hours
Small group tutorials (very small groups):2 hours
Exam: 3

Personal work (non-face-to-face)
Reading and preparation of topics 32 hours.
Preparation of course works 20 hours (includes exercises to be handed in, work and preparation of the internship report).
Preparation of evaluation tests 19.5 hours.

Total 112.5 hours

Active and participative attendance to the classes is recommended, as well as continuous and parallel study of the course.