Digital Systems

This is a subject that in the study plan is classified as a basic subject of the branch of computer engineering. It is an introductory subject in the context of the grade and the first one of the module Engineering of Computers that the students study. The basic objective is to provide basic knowledge and design skills to study other subjects of the module. The mathematical bases will be studied, the electronic devices and the processes involved in the design of digital systems, and they will lay the foundations for the study of the computer as digital system that student will see later in different subjects.

This is a subject that in the study plan is classified as a basic subject of the branch of computer engineering. It is an introductory subject in the context of the grade and the first one of the module Engineering of Computers that the students study. The basic objective is to provide basic knowledge and design skills to study other subjects of the module. The mathematical bases will be studied, the electronic devices and the processes involved in the design of digital systems, and they will lay the foundations for the study of the computer as digital system that student will see later in different subjects.


Contents
BLOCK I. INTRODUCTION

• Unit 0. Introduction of the discipline
Objective personal details of the discipline Digital Systems. Context of the subject in the plan of study. Brief explanation of the program of the subject.

This unit is important to understand how the subject will be developed during the course so as to be able to be organized from the beginning. And to know its usefulness .

• Unit 1. Introduction to the digital systems
Concepts of digital combinational and sequential system.Estructured design and analysis of digital systems. The computer from the structural perspective. Computers Von Neumann.
In this unit introductory simple but basic concepts to understand the rest of the subject are explained. It is important to know what is studied in the subject.

• Unit 2. Systems of numeration, arithmetic and codes
Systems of numerical representation of entire numbers. Conversion among bases. Arithmetical operations in binary. Codes BCD, excess to 3 and alphanumeric. Codes detectors and correctors of errors.

In this unit the basic elements required in order to design a digital system are studied: how to codify the information and to operate with this codification. During the course this knowledge will be constantly needed.

BLOCK II: DIGITAL COMBINATIONAL SYSTEMS
• Unit 3. Analysis and synthesis of combinational logic circuits
Basic logic operations. Beginning of Boole's algebra. Logic doors. Functions of commutation. Synthesis of combinational logical circuits. Simplification of commutation functions.

In this unit it is presented the basic elements and mathematical tools to be able to construct any digital function and to do it as simple as possible. Without dominating this unit is impossible to pass the following.

• Unit 4. Logic combinational modular
Design and using of modules combinational basic: Codifiers and decodifiers. Converters of code. Multiplexers and demultiplexers. Arithmetical and logic circuits: comparisons , addings/subtracts. ALU. Synthesis of functions through combinational modules.

This unit explains how to design and to use combinational simple modules from the knowledge developed in the previous unit. It is basic to learn to use combinational blocks efficiently in designs of certain complexity.

BLOCK III. DIGITAL SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS
• Unit 5. Sequential systems
Concept of state. Graph of states. Synchronous and asynchronous systems. Bistables. Models of sequential synchronous systems: Mealy and Moore machines. Synchronous systems incompletely specified systems. Procedure of design and simplification of sequential synchronous systems.

This topic deals about the procedure to design sequential systems on a simple and efficient way. It is necessary to dominate it to be able to design any sequential system.

• Unit 6. Sequential modular logic
Design of sequential modules: Records, , Generators of sequences. Basic types of memories. Types of logical programmable devices (PLDs): characteristics.

In this unit students learn to identify as sequential systems some circuits known popularly, to design them from the knowledge of the previous topic, and to use them in more complex designs. It allows to know circuits that will be mentioned and use constantly during the study of the grade.

All the subject can be followed by the books of the basic bibliography. Particularly:
Tema 1. Capítulos 1 de [Floyd, 00] e 0 de [Nelson, 96].
Tema 2. Capítulo 1 de [Nelson, 96].
Tema 3. Capítulo 2 de [Nelson, 96].
Tema 4. Capítulo 4 de [Nelson, 96].
Tema 5. Capítulos 9 de [Nelson, 96] y 7 de [Lloris, 03].
Tema 6. Capítulos 9 de [Nelson, 96] y 8 de [Lloris, 03].

Basic
[Nelson, 96] Nelson, V.P., Tagle ,H.T., Carrol, B.D. y Irwin, J.D. Análisis y diseño de circuitos lógicos digitales. Prentice-Hall hispanoamericana, 1996. ISBN: 968-880-706-0.
[Floyd, 15] Floyd, Thomas. Digital Fundamentals. Undécima edición. Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2015. ISBN: 978-0132737968, 0133514897.
[Lloris, 03] Lloris, Antonio, Prieto, Alberto y Parrilla, Luis. Sistemas digitales. McGraw-Hill, 2003. ISBN: 8448121465

Complementary
[Mano, 05] Mano, M. y Kime, Charles. Fundamentos de Diseño Lógico y de Computadoras, 3ª edición, Pearson Educación, 2005. ISBN: 84-205-4399-3.

Books of problems
[García, 12] García Zubía, J., Problemas Resueltos de Electrónica Digital. Universidad de Deusto, 2012. ISBN: 9788498303506.

The presentations used by the teacher during the classes will also be provided to the students.

The student will develop the following general aptitudes that develop partially those denoted as CG4, CG8 and CG9 in the memory of the Degree (GREI in www.usc.es/etse/info).
TR1, TR2, BF3 and FB5 are also partially developed by the subject.
Digital Systems is a subject in the Informatics Engineering module (page 54 of the memory of the Degree) and develops the following aptitudes and results of the leaning of the module:
- To know the mathematical bases and the electronic devices involved in the digital system design and which state the bases for the study of the computer as digital system.

The classes are divided into classes in big group and classes in small groups.

The classes in big groups will guide the study of the subject. In them the work dynamic is explained. These classes are destined to the introduction of the associated basic foundations to the subject, that are addressed in order of increasing complexity. For each lesson some supporting material is provided so that the student can carry out an autonomous work outside the classroom: articles, books, presentations,… The teacher will not publish notes of the subject.

The classes in small groups allow to deepen in the concepts, and promote the active participation of the students, as much through the interaction among the students like between the students and the professor. Through these the teacher will detect the weakest points in the knowledge and aptitudes of the students so surpass them. The solution of problems, the accomplishment of practices and the realization of test are the works developed during the classes. These require a previous work outside classroom. The practices consist of making designs. The first designs will be made in paper and finally the design will be simulated by means of a software tool of simulation of digital circuits. The simulation of designs by means of software tools allows that, reproducing the behavior of the real systems, in few hours of practices a great number of designs of certain complexity can be simulated.

Through space destined for the subject in the virtual campus of the USC the work material is provided. Some specific bibliographic information will be distributed in advance. In this way the students have to their disposition before the classes in which they work, among another material, the statements of problems and practices.

Regarding de competences, those denoted as CG4, CG8 and CG9 are developed all along the subject. CG9, in particular, during the interactive classes.

Regarding the competences TR1 and TR2, TR1 is developed mainly during the classes in reduced groups where the students must present the results speaking and explaining their work on the design of different digital systems. TR2 is developed mainly through the interactive work that must be in groups (small or big groups depending on the particular exercise of the continuous assessment).

Regarding FB3 and FB5, they are developed during all the subject because this is an introduction to the design of digital systems. All the teaching activity goes around design exercises of increasing complexity.

CONDITIONS REQUIRED TO PASS:
In any of the summons:
• To pass the subject it will be essential to pass both the continuous assessment part and the final theory test with at least a score of 5 over 10.
• In case of failing the subject, but passing the continuous assessment, the pass of the continuous assessment will be kept with the same mark during the summons which students take in the same academic course.

The grade obtained is calculated as follows:
• A 60% of the mark is evaluated by means of a unique theory test.
• 40% rest of the mark is obtained from the continuous assessment of the subject, that can only be passed in the ordinary summons.

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT: The continuous assessment includes the work related to the classes in small groups. The problems, the works, practices and tests of the subject, which are included in this continuous assessment, only can be made, delivered and passed during the ordinary summons (summons of February) and will be assessed according to the following criteria:

The continuous evaluation includes the work related to the classes in small groups. In the case of the practices the teacher will propose three groups of practices (tasks) during the course, which will be available in the virtual campus. At the time of making them public the teacher will determine the date of completion of each task. A big part of the tasks should be made in the classes although to work outside the classroom is also needed. Most part of tasks must be delivered during the classes. Other tasks will be evaluated by a test. The tasks delivery involves showing the design and operation of the practices to the teacher.

To pass the continuous assessment, students must meet the following conditions:
- Attendance to at least 80% of the small group sessions is mandatory for approval. Specifically, attendance to the first 2 sessions is compulsory.
- Completion and submission of all assignments and mandatory practical activities.
- Submission of at least 75% of assignments and mandatory practical activities within the specified deadlines.
Failure to meet these conditions will result in failing the continuous assessment.

If a student fails the continuous assessment during the quarter, they will not be evaluated on this part of the subject in the July opportunity.

EVALUATION OF THE CLASS ATTENDANCE
To overcome the ongoing evaluation of the subject some criteria related to the interactive class attendance must be passed. If a fault to interactive classes occur and the fault is justified the student could be attend the classes with other group of students. And if this solution is not possible and the absence is justified and properly credited, the student may advance work on its own.

Control of the interactive attendance be conducted by the teacher through sheets of signatures.

NOT EVALUATED STATUS
We will obtain the status when the following conditions are met:
- At the end of the quarter opportunity not have delivered more than 50% of the practices, not to attend more than 50% of the classes in small groups and not to attend the theory test of the subject.

REPEATERS
Students who do not attend the course for the first time have to meet the requirements described above. Is the student has passed the continuous evaluation in a previous summom he must contact the teacher because he could keep the mark of that part of the evaluation.

EVALUATION OF THE COMPETENCES
CG4 and CG9 are evaluated during the continuous assessment, that consists on the evaluation of the different exercises and practices that are carried out in groups. CG8 is evaluated in the final exam and the tests based on the interactive classes.

TR1 and TR2 are evaluated in the continuous assessment evaluation. It is performed by groups whose size depends on the activity. The corresponsability in the work group is enhanced.

FB3 and FB5 are evaluated both through the continuous assessment and the final exam.

To pass the subject they need 6 credits of work by students (ECTS). Considering credits of 25 hours, this supposes a whole of 150 hours that are distributed this way:
•Lectures: 15 on-site hours + 24,5 hours of autonomous study by the student
• Practices in small groups: 25 hours on-site practices + 37,5 hours of work associated to the practices or accomplishment of works and resolution of problems
• Resolution of problems and seminars in small groups: 10 on-site hours + 15 working hours by the student

The constancy in the study and the work as well as a scrupulous preparation of the exercises and practices are the keys to study the subject. It is very important so that it turns out simple that the design of digital systems approaches of continued and gradual way from the beginning of course. The conscientious accomplishment of the practices of design and the problems will allow that the concepts should be becoming strong and that designs more and more complex could be approached without much effort.

The course will be taugth in Spanish