General Chemistry III

- Know the main types of chemical reaction and its characteristics.
- Apply the main concepts of thermodynamics to the study of chemical equilibrium and electrochemistry.
- Solve qualitative and quantitative problems of different types of chemical equilibrium.

Lesson 1.- INTRODUCTION TO REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Chemical reactions and their classification. Nature of aqueous solutions. Precipitation and complex ions reactions. Acid-base reactions. Oxidation-reduction reactions: some general principles
Lesson 2.- PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Dynamic equilibrium. Equilibrium constants. The magnitude of the equilibrium constant. The reaction quotient Q: prediction of the direction of the net change. Altering equilibrium conditions: Le Châtelier’s principle. Relationship between ∆rG ° and the equilibrium constant (K). Spontaneity of a reaction. Prediction of the direction of a chemical change
Lesson 3.- ACIDS AND BASES
A brief overview of the Arrheniusʿ theory. The Brønsted-Lowry theory. Lewis acids and bases. Self-ionization of water and the pH scale. Strong acids and strong bases. Weak acids and weak bases. Polyprotic acids and their salts. Salt hydrolysis
Lesson 4.- ADDITIONAL ASPECTS OF ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA.
Common-ion effect in acid-base equilibria. Mixtures of acids and bases. Buffer solutions. Applications.
Lesson 5.- SOLUBILITY AND COMPLEX-ION EQUILIBRIA
The solubility product constant, Ksp. Relationship between solubility and Ksp. Common ion effect in solubility equilibria. Limitations of the Ksp concept. Criteria for the precipitation and its completeness. Fractional precipitation. Solubility and pH. Equilibria involving complex ions. Qualitative cation analysis
Lesson 6.- ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Electrode potentials and their measurement. Standard electrode potentials. Ecell, ∆rG and K. Ecell as a function of concentrations. Corrosion: unwanted voltaic cells. Electrolysis: causing nonspontaneous reactions to occur

LAB SESSIONS:
Practice 1 Study of chemical reactions in aqueous media(I)
Practice 2. Study of chemical reactions in aqueous media (II): Hydrolysis of salts. Buffer solutions
Practice 3: Analytical Application of the chemical equilibria in aqueous media. Part 1: Qualitative analytical chemistry: Identification of cations I
Practice 4: Analytical Application of the chemical equilibria in aqueous media. Part 1: Qualitative analytical Chemistry: Identification of cations II
Practice 5: Analytical Application of the chemical equilibria in aqueous media.Part 2: Quantitative analytical Chemistry: Titration of a strong acid with a strong base
Practice 6: Redox reactions. Galvanic cell. Electrolytic cell

Basic bibliography
Reference manual:
“General Chemistry”: Principles and modern applications, 11th Edition.
Ralph Petrucci; F. Herring; Jeffry Madura and Carey Bissonnette.
Pearson Education Canadá, Inc.; 2017.

Supplementary bibliography:
- Chang, R.: "Chemistry" 13th ed.; Ed. Mc Graw Hill; 2019.
- Arribas Jimeno, S.: "Análisis cualitativo Inorgánico" 5ª ed.; Ed. Paraninfo; 1993.
-Burriel, F.; Lucena, F.; Arribas, S.; Hernández, J.: "Química Analítica Cualitativa" 18ª ed.; Ed. Paraninfo; 2001.

1. – BASIC AND GENERAL COMPETENCES:
CB1 – Students must demonstrate to possess and understand knowledge in an area of study that begins on the basis of general secondary education, and it is often found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, includes also some aspects that involve knowledge from the forefront of their field of study.
CG1 - Graduates must possess and understand the most important concepts, methods and results of the different branches of chemistry, with historical perspective of its development.
CG2 – Students must be able to collect and interpret data, information and relevant results, conclusions and provide reports about scientific and technological problems or about other areas requiring the use of knowledge of chemistry.
CG3 - Students must be able to apply their theoretical and practical knowledge as well as their ability for analysis and abstraction to the definition and discussion of problems and in the search of solutions, both in academic and professional contexts.

2. – TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCES:
CT1 - Capacity for analysis and synthesis.
CT2 - Organization and planning skills.
CT6 - Teamwork.
CT12 - Autonomous learning.

3. – SPECIFIC COMPETENCES:
CE4 - Main types of chemical reactions and their main associated features.
CE5 - Principles of thermodynamics and its applications in chemistry.
CE13 - Ability to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the essential facts, concepts, principles and theories related to the areas of chemistry.
CE14 – Solution of qualitative and quantitative problems as previously developed models.
CE18 – Being able to perform lab standard procedures involved in analytic and synthetic work related to organic and inorganic systems.
CE22 - Balance between theory and experimentation.
CE24 - Understanding of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of chemical problems.

Teaching of the subject is performed by:

A) Expository classes that will serve to tutor the students in their personal work. Usually these classes will follow the contents of a reference manual proposed in the Teaching Guide of the subject.
B) Seminar classes in which the teacher, in addition to solving problems of a practical nature, will solve the doubts raised by the students when solving the proposed exercises or questions, as part of the personal work to be done by the students. In addition, within these classes, the students must resolve to deliver any exercise proposed by the teacher, which will serve to assess their level of understanding and for the mark of the continuous evaluation. Attendance at these classes is mandatory, since the activities carried out in them are taken into account for continuous assessment.
C) Laboratory practical classes. For these practices, the student will have a laboratory practice manual, which will include general considerations about the work in the laboratory, as well as a guideline for each of the practices to be carried out, which will consist of a brief presentation of the fundamentals, the methodology to be followed and the indication of the calculations to be made and the results to be presented. The student must go to each practice session having carefully read the content of this manual. At the beginning of each practice session, in a classroom, the students answer some previous questions that the teacher qualifies and takes into account for the practice mark. After an explanation from the teacher, the students will carry out the experiences and calculations necessary to achieve the objectives of the practice, collecting in the laboratory notebook the development of the practice and the calculations and results that proceed, presenting the results, which will be evaluated. The delivery of a final report is an additional requirement for the evaluation. Attendance at these classes is mandatory. The absences must be justified documentary, accepting examination and health reasons, as well as those cases contemplated in the current University regulations. The practice not carried out will be recovered, if possible, according to the teacher and within the scheduled time for the subject.
D) Blackboard tutorials: Tutorials scheduled by the teacher and coordinated by the Center. In general, they will mean for each student 2 hours per semester and subject. Activities such as supervising tutored works, clarifying doubts about theory and / or practices, readings, problem solving, exercises, tests and / or other tasks can be proposed, as well as the presentation, exposition, debate or comment on individual or small group works. The teachers will require the students to hand in the exercises and/or the work done in the classroom. Attendance at these classes is mandatory, since the activities carried out in them are taken into account for continuous assessment.
On-line teaching support (Virtual Campus): The virtual campus will be used to leave teaching material, propose tasks, tests, etc. and to facilitate communication between teachers and students.

The general criterion for assessment of the subjects of the Chemistry degree will be followed.
1.- The qualification of each student will be performed by means of continuous assessment and the final exam.
a) Access to the final exam will not be conditioned by attendance to interactive classes such as seminars and tutorials; but the non-attendance of the student of these mandatory classes will result in a zero in the corresponding activities.
b) It will be compulsory to perform all the lab sessions programmed. In order to pass the subject, it will be an indispensable requirement to have passed the part corresponding to the lab sessions.

2.- Continuous assessment will be based on the results of written tests proposed along the course in the expositive and interactive classes, and in the participation of students in the activities proposed by the teacher.
Continuous assessment (40% of the final mark) will include:
-Seminars and tutorials: exercises/work made and handed to the teacher: 25%
-Lab practices: previous test, organization, tidiness and attitude in the laboratory, performance of the practice, practice report and final test: 15%
3. Final exam will be based on the whole content of the subject and it will include questions related to the lab sessions that will contribute 20% of the global mark of the exam (N2).

4.- The final mark will be obtained as a result of applying the following equation:
Final mark = maximum (N*10/6, N + Continuous assessment mark (over 4) (0-10 scale)) and it will not be lower to that corresponding to the final exam or to that obtained taking into account the continuous assessment.
In any case, in order to pass the subject, it will be essential requirement to obtain the apt qualification for the lab practices.
5.- The students repeating the course will have the same attendance responsibilities as the students registered in the course for the first time, with the following exception:

The students that have passed the continuous assessment of the lab sessions will keep the mark for a maximum of two academic courses. This means that they will not have to attend again to the laboratory sessions, but they will have to attend to the remaining interactive classes (seminars and tutorials) on equal terms as the other students.

Competences assessment
Seminars: CG1, CG2, CG3; CE4, CE5, CE13, CE14.
Laboratory: CB1, CE18, CE22, CT2, CT6, CT12
Tutorials: CT1, CE24
Final exam: CB1, CG1, CG2, CG3, CT1, CE4, CE5, CE13, CE14, CE18, CE22, CT2, CT6, CT12, CE24

Way of delivering the continuous assessment work: virtual/face-to-face
Final exam: face-to-face
2nd Chance exam: face-to-face
“For the cases of fraudulent performance of exercises or tests, it will be applied the regulation compiled in the Normativa de avaliación do rendemento académico dos estudantes e de revision de cualificacións”.

In-person work: 18 (L) + 07 (S) + 02 (T) + 24 (P)
Total work (hours of in-person learning in the class or lab) 51

Student self-study time (hours):
In groups or individual self-study: 45
Solution of exercises and other assignments: 24
Library assignments or similar assignments: 15
Preparation for lab sessions: 15
Total self-study time (hours) 99

TOTAL HOURS OF WORK: 51 + 99 = 150 h

It is highly recommended to participate actively in all the classes of the subject.
It is important to dedicate enough time to the study of the subject. This time should be regularly distributed throughout the semester.
It is essential, to use the recommended reference manual
After reading a lesson in the reference manual, make a summary of the important points, identifying the concepts, reactions and equilibria that must be remembered and being sure of knowing their meaning and also the conditions where they can be applied.
Solve the exercises and do the assignments proposed by the lecturer. It is convenient that pupils bring the bulletin problems solved to the seminars. The bulletins will be provided with enough time for making this possible.
Solving problems is fundamental for the learning of this subject. It may be useful to follow the next steps: (1) make a list with all the relevant information that is provided in the text. (2) Make a list with the quantities that must be calculated. (3) Identify the equations to be used in the resolution of the problem and apply them correctly.
It is essential to prepare the laboratory sessions in advance before going to the lab. Firstly, the important theoretical concepts must be revised in each experiment and after that, It is necessary to read carefully the corresponding practice guideline, trying to understand the objectives and the development of the proposed experiment.
It is highly recommended to ask any doubt to the lecturer