Electromagnetism II

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of Electromagnetism in the background of a physicist. It is important by itself, but also because of its influence upon other disciplines. For that reason, we understand all the mandatory modules, theory and experiment, in the Degree in Physics assigned to the Electromagnetism Area of the USC, as a compact entity. Our goal will be that by the end of all these modules, the students reach a high level of competence in this basic discipline.

We understand also that, along the Degree in Physics, there exist modules that will require a previous knowledge in the specifics of Electromagnetis. For that reason, we will try to design all our modules so they can fit in harmoniously within all the other modules of the area but also responding to the needs of the rest of mandatory modules and without overlapping with them.

Within this context, the main goal of this module is to complete the background of the students, together with Electromagnetism I, in Maxwell's formulation of the classical theory of Electromagnetism, understanding the meaning and applications of the four Maxwell's equations.

In particular, in Electromagnetism II, we will cover the formalism of Magnetostatics, both in vacuum and in the presence of matter, Farday's induction law, the 4 Maxwell's equations, and also the concepts relatd to the propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum and in conducting media; and we will provide initial background on the theory of electrical circuits, both in direct and alternating current.

The main goals of the course are:

- Enhance the interest of students for observation, interpretation and knowledge of the physical phenomena.
- Introduce the concepts and basic methods of Electromagnetism required to solve problems of magnetostatics, alternating current circuits, phenomena of electromagnetic induction and propagation of electromagnetic waves.


Learning results:

- To be able to understand and handle with clarity the method and basic principles of Electromagnetism, together with its own terminology.
- To be able to apply that theoretical knowledge to the resolution of practical problems.
- To know the inter-relationships between Electromagnetism and the different parts of Physics, highlighting its unifying principles.
- To undertand the relevance of Electromagnetism for current Science and Technology.

1. Magnetostatics:

- Point charges moving in a region where E and/or B fields are present.
- Magnetic interactions between stationary linear currents.
- Biot-Savart law: Field produced by simple circuits.
- Properties of the magnetostatic field. Ampere's theorem.
- Magnetic vector potential. Magnetic dipole.


2. Magnetic media: macroscopic study.

- Magnetization vector. Field produced by a magnetized object.
- Generalization of Ampere's theorem: the H field.
- Macroscopic classification of magnetic materials: diamagnetism, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism.
- Scalar magnetic potential.
- H and B vectors in the frontier of two media.
- Magnetic circuit theory.


3. Electromagnetic induction.

- Circuits in a magnetic field: Faraday's law.
- Electric field.
- Quasistationary approximation to current systems: self-induction and mutual inductance coefficients.
- Applications.


4. Magnetic energy and forces.

- Energy stored in a magnetic field. Energy density.
- Energy as a function of current and magnetic flux: energy in a system of currents.
- Forces between circuits.


5. Maxwell's equations.

- Displacement current.
- Field propagation equations.
- Electrodynamic potentials. Retarded potentials.
- Electromagnetic energy: Poynting's theorem.


6. Electromagnetic waves.

- Wave equation. Plane wave.
- Complex notation: equations for armonic time dependence.
- Relationship between electric and magnetic field.
- Power transmitted. Radiation pressure.
- Propagation in partially conducting media.
- Propagation in good conductors.
- Electromagnetic spectrum: ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.


7. Electrical circuit theory.

- Connection between circuit theory and electromagnetic theory. Kirchhoff's laws. Validity limits.
- Elements of a circuit.
- Mesh method for network analysis.
- Superposition principle.
- Power. Power factor correction. Power conservation.
- Thevenin's and Norton's theorems. Generator transformation.
- Circuits with distributed parameters: transmission lines.
- Problem solving.

Basic bibliography:


Theory books:

- Edminister, Joseph A., Teoría y problemas de circuitos eléctricos, McGraw-Hill, 2ª ed, 1985 (3 B10 16).
- Feynman, R., Leighton, R. e Sands, M., Fisica, vol II (Electromagnetismo y Materia) (3 A00 19 A/2).
- Fraile Mora, Jesús, Electromagnetismo y circuitos eléctricos, McGraw-Hill, 4ª ed, 2005 (3 A41 97).
- Griffiths, D. J., Introduction to Electrodynamics, 4th ed, Prentice Hall, 2013, (3 A41 71).
- López Rodríguez, Victoriano, Electromagnetismo, Uned 2003.
- Purcell, E. M., Morin, D.J., Electricity and Magnetism, Cambridge University Press, 2013. (3 A41 129).
- Rodríguez, M., González, A., Bellver, C., Campos Electromagnéticos, 2ª ed, Ed. Universidade de Sevilla, 1999. (3 A41 61).
- Wangsness, R. L., Electromagnetic Fields, 2º ed, John Wiley and Sons, 1986. (3-A41-11A).


Problems books:

- Benito, E., Problemas de Campos Electromagnéticos, Ed Ac, 1976. (3 A41 47)
- López Rodríguez, Victoriano. Problemas resueltos de Electromagnetismo, Centro de Estudos Ramón Areces, 2003. (3 A41 37)
- González, A. Problemas de campos electromagnéticos, Serie Schaum, Mc Graw Hill, 2005. (3 A41 92). (Una muy buena colección de apuntes de teoría y problemas del mismo autor puede ser encontrada en http://laplace.us.es/campos/ )


Additional bibliography:

- Costa Quintana, Juan, Interacción electromagnética: teoría clásica, Reverté, 2007 (3 A41 101).
- Cheng, David K., Fundamentos de Electromagnetismo para ingeniería, Addison-Wesley, 1997 (3 A41 73).
- Edminister, Joseph A., Electromagnetismo, McGraw-Hill, 1996 (3 A41 49).
- Popovic, B. D. Introductory Engineering Electromagnetics, Addison-Wesley, 1973. (Libro de teoría 3 A41 98 A1, Solucionario 3 A41 98 A2).
- Reitz, J. R., Milford, F. J., Christy, R. W., Fundamentos de la teoría electromagnética, Addison-Wesley, 1996. (3 A41 20)
- Zahn, M. Teoría Electromagnética, Interamericana, 1983. (3 A41 39). A versión inglesa deste libro é de libre acceso en http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6… )



On-line resources:

- Campos Electromagnéticos, Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad de Sevilla
( http://www.esi2.us.é/DFA/CEMI/home.htm).
- K. T. McDonald's course at Princeton: (http://www.physics.princeton.edu/mcdonald/examples/#ph501).
- Physics Open Courses from MIT, in particular the different courses of Physics II: Electricity and magnetism
(http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Physics/index.htm).
- S. Errede's course, Physics 435 UIUC: http://web.hep.uiuc.edu/home/serrede/P435/P435_Lectures.html
- S. Errede's course, Physics 436 UIUC: http://web.hep.uiuc.edu/home/serrede/P436/P436_Lectures.html
- Mark Jarrell's course, A Graduate Course on Electrodynamics LSU: http://www.phys.lsu.edu/~jarrell/COURSES/ELECTRODYNAMICS_HTML/course_EM…
- David Tong's course, Electromagnetim Cambridge: https://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/tong/em.html


Electronic resources through the USC:


Through PRELO:

- Electromagnetismo I, Victoriano López Rodríguez, UNED 2013.
- Electromagnetismo II, Victoriano López Rodríguez, UNED 2016.
- Teoría de circuitos y electrónica, Victoriano López Rodríguez, UNED 2013.
- Problemas resueltos de circuitos eléctricos, Victoriano López Rodríguez, UNED 2012.

Electronic book:

- Introduction to Electrodynamics, David J. Griffiths, 3rd Edition 2012.

Skills

Basic

CB1-That students have proven to possess and understand knowledge in a study area that is part of the basis of general secondary education, and is often found at a level that, while supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the forefront of their field of study.
CB2-That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional way and possess the competencies that are often demonstrated through the elaboration and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study.
CB3-That students have the ability to collect and interpret relevant data (usually within their area of study) to make judgments that include reflection on relevant social, scientific or ethical issues.

General

CG1-Possess and understand the most important concepts, methods and results of the different branches of physics, with historical perspective of their development.
CG2-Have the capacity to gather and interpret relevant data, information and results, to obtain conclusions and to issue reasoned reports in scientific, technological or other areas that require the use of knowledge of physics.
CG3-Apply both the theoretical and practical knowledge acquired as the capacity of analysis and abstraction in the definition and approach of problems and in the search of their solutions in both academic and professional contexts.

Specific

CE1-Have a good understanding of the most important physical theories, locating in their logical and mathematical structure, their experimental support and the physical phenomenon that can be described through them.
CE2-Be able to clearly handle the orders of magnitude and make appropriate estimates in order to develop a clear perception of situations that, although physically different, show some analogy, allowing the use of known solutions to new problems.
CE5-Be able to realize the essentials of a process or situation and establish a model of work of the same as well as to carry out the required approximations in order to reduce the problem to a manageable level. Possess critical thinking to build physical models.
CE6-Understand and master the use of mathematical and numerical methods most commonly used in physics.

Cross

CT1-Acquire analysis and synthesis capacity.
CT2-Have organizational capacity and planning.

A course in the Moodle platform of the Campus Virtual will be activated. It will help to provide the students with the teaching material required to follow the contents of the course. Moreover, a work group in Teams will be created for a more efficient communication between students and teachers.


The course will be organized in 4 class hours per week in the Spring Semester. It will consist of a total of 36 descriptive classes where the contents of the program will be explained, encouraging at every time the active participation of students. Many examples will be included in those lectures. Additional problems will be solved in the interactive classes, for a total of 18 hours. The students are strongly advised to make use of the office hours, these can also take place online, but always through a previous appointment.

The final grade will be given not only by the final exam but also by intermediate assessment activities, such as solving problem's handouts or intermediate tests. The final grade of the course will be the maximum score among the following options:

a) Mark of the final exam.

b) 40% coming from intermediate activities and 60% from the final exam.

A minimum attendance to the 85% of the classes will be required to consider the intermediate activities in the final grade of the course.

The final exam will take place in the official date fixed by the Faculty Dean Office.

The fraudulent performance of any exercise or test required in the evaluation of a subject will imply the qualification of failure in the corresponding call, regardless of the disciplinary process that may be followed against the offending student. It is considered fraudulent, among others, the performance of plagiarized work or work obtained from sources accessible to the public without reworking or reinterpretation and without citation of the authors and sources.

150 hours: 60 class hours (38 hours of standard classes, 18 hours of interactive classes and 4 office hours) and 90 hours of personal study.

The course is an intermediate level course of Electricity and Magnetism. Students are strongly recommended to have passed previously the courses of General Physics I and II, all the Mathematical Methods I to IV and Electricity and Magnetism I.